He stated this in a lecture entitled " Laying the Foundation for YouthTransformation in Education Management which he delivered in second day of capacity building workshop for principals of public secondary schools in Enugu State. Air Vice Marshal Nwagwu advised the principals to redefine the link between schools and students, train them on the realities of time to meet their demands.

He noted that at-risk students (those who are likely to fail or drop out of school) had been found to be products of social vices and needed transformational approach to redirect their mindset. The Directing staff, NIPSS identified social vices in secondary schools which led to restiveness among students to include smoking, drug abuse, truancy, alcoholism, prostitution, indecent dressing, cultism, holiganism and examination malpractice and stated that they were mainly caused by poor parenting and negative peer influence as well as materialism and unequal distribution of wealth in the society. Others are grave authoritarian leadership style in schools, lack of adequate facilities in schools for learning and recreation, poor communication and poor academic results. He maintained that to address the problem, government should organise forum to enlighten students on the dangers, school administrators should provide necessary facilities in schools while principals and teachers should lead by example, be fair and firm in dealing with defiant students.

Another resource person and Director of studies, NIPSS, Prof. Oluwafunmi Para-Mallam mni in a lecture themed CareerAdvancement for Women and Other Vulnerable Groups in Education Management in Nigeria observed that there was time when people desired to be teachers and noted that the profession fell into disrepute over time. She urged principals and teachers of secondary schools to see how they could change the narrative by putting premium on the profession and themselves. Prof. Para-Mallam advocates that government should reworkremuneration and motivation for teachers to rekindle interest in the teaching profession and advised the participants to find ways to advance in their career not minding numerous obstacles they might face in accomplishing that. "Build character and confidence, avoid corruption, cutting corners, cheating students so that you can be identified and rewarded. Challenge yourselves to do more, to go higher, to learn something new," she told them. The Director of Research, NIPSS, Prof. Dung Pam Sha mni in his lecture, "Group Dynamics in Educational Institutions in Nigeria," told the participants to be very mindful to monitor the way groups develop in their schools and be aware of their existence. "All groups, whether legal or illegal should be identified and managed," he said. Prof. Sha enumerated many groups that exist in secondary Schools and said that some were needed for the progress of the schools while some were dangerous, urging the principals to manage them effectively for the benefit of their schools. On his part, the Head Of Advancement NIPSS, Prof. Sola Adeyanju stressed the importance of stakeholder management in secondary school, saying that stakeholders should participate in decision making for schools. "They can help in education policy development, education tourism development, health care campaign in schools, crime reduction initiatives," he stated. He noted that secondary school stakeholders are the most critical people and urged the principals to identify all of them and communicate with them effectively for maximum results. The Permanent Secretary PPSMB, Dr. Favour Ugwuanyi mni expressed satisfaction with the quality of the lectures and commended the resource persons for a job well done.

she praised the Governor Rt. Hon. Dr. Ifeanyi Ugwuanyi for giving the principals the opportunity to meet the resource persons and expand their knowledge, saying, "this is just the beginning. There will be more training for you." Dr. Ugwuanyi said, you are going home as transformational leaders and encouraged them to "show transformation in their schools between now and the end of the year." The three day capacity building workshop with the theme, " Principals and Youth Development in Secondary Schools in Enugu State: Building for a Better Future," was sponsored by Enugu State Government and organised by the Enugu State Post Primary Schools Management Board, PPSMB, in partnership with the National Institute for Policy and Strategic Studies, Kuru, Jos, Plateau State.